Ha u nahana ka tsa hauphekolo ea metsi a litšilats'ebetso, qala ka ho fumana hore na u hloka ho tlosa eng metsing e le hore u finyelle litlhoko tsa ho ntša metsi. Ka phekolo e nepahetseng ea lik'hemik'hale, u ka tlosa li-ion le lihlahisoa tse nyenyane tse qhibilihisitsoeng metsing, hammoho le lintho tse tiileng tse emisitsoeng. Lik'hemik'hale tse sebelisoang litsing tsa ho hloekisa likhoerekhoere haholo-holo li kenyelletsa: pH regulator, coagulant,flocculant.
Flocculant
Li-flocculants li sebelisoa mefuteng e mengata ea liindasteri le lits'ebetsong ho thusa ho tlosa lintho tse tiileng tse emisitsoeng metsing a litšila ka ho tsepamisa lintho tse silafatsang ka har'a maqephe kapa "li-flocs" tse phaphametseng holim'a metsi kapa tse lulang ka tlaase. Li ka boela tsa sebelisoa ho nolofatsa lime, ho tsepamisa mohopolo seretse le lintho tse thata tsa dehydrate. Li-flocculants tsa tlhaho kapa tsa liminerale li kenyelletsa silika le li-polysaccharides tse sebetsang, ha li-synthetic flocculants li tloaelehile.polyacrylamide.
Ho itšetlehile ka tefiso le lik'hemik'hale tsa metsi a litšila, li-flocculants li ka sebelisoa li le mong kapa li kopantsoe le li-coagulants.Li-flocculants li fapane le li-coagulantska hore hangata ke li-polymers, athe li-coagulant hangata ke letsoai. Boholo ba limolek'hule (boima) le tefiso ea tefiso (karolo ea limolek'hule tse nang le litefello tsa anionic kapa cationic) li ka fapana ho "leka-lekanya" tefiso ea likaroloana tse ka metsing 'me li etsa hore li kopane hammoho' me li felise metsi. Ka kakaretso, li-anionic flocculants li sebelisetsoa ho tšoasa likaroloana tsa liminerale, ha li-cationic flocculants li sebelisetsoa ho tšoasa likaroloana tsa tlhaho.
PH molaoli
Ho tlosa litšepe le litšila tse ling tse qhibilihisitsoeng metsing a litšila, ho ka sebelisoa pH regulator. Ka ho phahamisa pH ea metsi, 'me kahoo ho eketsa palo ea li-ion tsa hydroxide tse mpe, sena se tla etsa hore li-ion tsa tšepe tse qosoang hantle li tlamahane le li-ion tsena tsa hydroxide tse qosoang hampe. Sena se fella ka ho sefa likaroloana tsa tšepe tse teteaneng le tse sa qhibiliheng.
Coagulant
Bakeng sa ts'ebetso efe kapa efe ea ho hloekisa metsi a litšila e sebetsanang le lintho tse tiileng tse emisitsoeng, li-coagulants li ka kopanya litšila tse emisitsoeng hore li tlosoe habonolo. Li-coagulants tsa lik'hemik'hale tse sebelisetsoang ho hloekisa metsi a litšila a indasteri li arotsoe ka mekhahlelo e 'meli: organic le inorganic.
Li-coagulant tsa inorganic li na le litšenyehelo tse ngata 'me li ka sebelisoa bakeng sa mefuta e mengata ea lisebelisoa. Li sebetsa ka ho khetheha khahlano le metsi a tala a moferefere ofe kapa ofe o tlase, mme ts'ebeliso ena ha e ea lokela li-organic coagulants. Ha li eketsoa metsing, li-coagulants tsa inorganic tse tsoang aluminium kapa tšepe lia phalla, li monya litšila tse ka metsing ebe lia a hloekisa. Sena se tsejoa e le "fiela-and-flocculate" mochine. Le hoja ts'ebetso ena e sebetsa, e eketsa palo eohle ea seretse se lokelang ho tlosoa metsing. Li-coagulants tse tloaelehileng tsa inorganic coagulant li kenyelletsa aluminium sulfate, aluminium chloride, le ferric sulfate.
Li-coagulants tsa tlhaho li na le melemo ea tekanyo e tlase, tlhahiso e nyane ea seretse ebile ha e na phello ho pH ea metsi a hloekisitsoeng. Mehlala ea li-coagulant tse tloaelehileng li kenyelletsa polyamines le polydimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride, hammoho le melamine, formaldehyde le tannins.
mohala oa rona oa li-flocculants le li-coagulants li etselitsoe ho ntlafatsa phekolo ea metsi a litšila le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tse akaretsang tsa mefuta e fapaneng ea likopo tsa ho sebetsana le liminerale, ho finyella tlhokahalo ea lik'hemik'hale tsa ho hloekisa metsi ka maemo a fapaneng a kopo.
Nako ea poso: Feb-15-2023